Universe

مدیران انجمن: parse, javad123javad

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The Cat's Eye Nebula
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An enormous but extremely faint halo of gaseous material surrounds the Cat's Eye Nebula and is over

three light-years across. Within the past years some planetary nebulae been found to have halos like this

one, likely formed of material ejected during earlier active episodes in the star's evolution - most likely

some 50,000 to 90,000 years ago.

This image was taken by Romano Corradi with the Nordic Optical Telescope on La Palma in the Canary

Islands. The image is constructed from two narrow-band exposures showing oxygen atoms (1800 seconds,

in blue) and nitrogen atoms (1800 seconds, in red).


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The Carina Nebula from the ground
تصویر

This image shows a ground-based view of the giant star-forming region in the southern sky known as the

Carina Nebula, combining the light from three different filters tracing emission from oxygen (blue), hydrogen

(green), and sulphur (red). The colour is also representative of the temperature in the ionised gas: blue is

relatively hot and red is cooler. The Carina Nebula is a good example of how very massive stars rip apart

the molecular clouds that give birth to them. The bright star near the centre of the image is eta Carinae

, one of the most massive and luminous stars known.


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cosmic fountain
تصویر

This brilliant image, courtesy of NASA/ESA's Hubble Space Telescope, is a fitting 19th anniversary tribute to

the workhorse space observatory.

This interacting group contains several galaxies, along with a "cosmic fountain" of stars, gas and dust that

stretches over 100 000 light-years. Resembling a pair of owl's eyes, the two nuclei of the colliding galaxies

can be seen in the process of merging at the upper left. The bizarre blue bridge of material extending out

from the northern component looks as if it connects to a third galaxy but in reality the galaxy is in the

background and not connected at all. The blue "fountain" is the most striking feature of this galaxy

troupe and it contains complexes of super star clusters that may have as many as dozens of individual

young star clusters in them
( کهکشانه اردنگی خورده smile039 )

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Stellar runaway
تصویر

This image is centred on stellar runaway 30 Dor #016. The image was taken by the Wide Field and

Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) aboard the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. The heavyweight star is 90

times more massive than the Sun and is travelling at more than 400 000 kilometres an hour

from its home. The young star, only one million to two million years old, may have travelled about 375

light-years from its suspected home in star cluster R136.

درمورد ستاره های فراری قبلا براتون توضیح داده بودم


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HD 44179
تصویر

The star HD 44179 is surrounded by an extraordinary structure known as the Red Rectangle. It acquired

its moniker because of its shape and its apparent colour when seen in early images from Earth. This

strikingly detailed new Hubble image reveals how, when seen from space, the nebula, rather than being

rectangular, is shaped like an X with additional complex structures of spaced lines of glowing gas, a

little like the rungs of a ladder. The star at the centre is similar to the Sun, but at the end of its lifetime

, pumping out gas and other material to make the nebula, and giving it the distinctive shape. It also

appears that the star is a close binary that is surrounded by a dense torus of dust — both of which may

help to explain the very curious shape. Precisely how the central engine of this remarkable and unique

object spun the gossamer threads of nebulosity remains mysterious. It is likely that precessing jets

of material played a role.

The Red Rectangle is an unusual example of what is known as a proto-planetary nebula. These are old

stars, on their way to becoming planetary nebulae. Once the expulsion of mass is complete a very hot

white dwarf star will remain and its brilliant ultraviolet radiation will cause the surrounding gas to glow.

The Red Rectangle is found about 2 300 light-years away in the constellation Monoceros (the Unicorn).

The High Resolution Channel of the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope’s Advanced Camera for Surveys

captured this view of HD 44179 and the surrounding Red Rectangle nebula — the sharpest view so

far. Red light from glowing Hydrogen was captured through the F658N filter and coloured red.

Orange-red light over a wider range of wavelengths through a F625W filter was coloured blue.

هرچند متن یخورده طولانی ولی خب گذاشتم گفتم شاید براتون جالب باشه

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Dear friends

I will mention it in case of change of source


Current source of information : http://www.noao.edu

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NICMOS Peers Through Dust to Reveal Young Stellar Disks
تصویر

The following images were taken by NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope's Near-Infrared Camera and

Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). All of the objects are extremely young stars, 450 light-years away in

the constellation Taurus. Most of the nebulae represent small dust particles around the stars, which are

seen because they are reflecting starlight. In the color-coding, regions of greatest dust concentration

appear red.

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Hi Amateur!
Where are you? Come & Reply!
explain to us about the runaway stars

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غلامعلی نوری

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twinkle

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Why Planets do not twinkle?

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quasar 3C 279
تصویر

This is an artist’s impression of the quasar 3C 279. Astronomers connected the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment

(APEX), in Chile, to the Submillimeter Array (SMA) in Hawaii, USA, and the Submillimeter Telescope (SMT) in

Arizona, USA for the first time, to make the sharpest observations ever, of the centre of a distant galaxy, the

bright quasar 3C 279. Quasars are the very bright centres of distant galaxies that are powered by supermassive

black holes. This quasar contains a black hole with a mass about one billion times that of the Sun, and is so far from

Earth that its light has taken more than 5 billion years to reach us. The team were able to probe scales of less than

a light-year across the quasar — a remarkable achievement for a target that is billions of light-years away.

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Nearby Dust Clouds in the Milky Way
تصویر

The yearly ritual of spring cleaning clears a house of dust as well as dust "bunnies", those pesky dust balls that

frolic under beds and behind furniture. NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has photographed similar dense knots

of dust and gas in our Milky Way Galaxy. This cosmic dust, however, is not a nuisance. It is a concentration

of elements that are responsible for the formation of stars in our galaxy and throughout the universe.

These opaque, dark knots of gas and dust are called Bok globules, and they are absorbing light in the center

of the nearby emission nebula and star-forming region, NGC 281. The globules are named after astronomer

Bart Bok, who proposed their existence in the 1940's.

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Young stars sculpt gas with powerful outflows
تصویر

This Hubble Space Telescope view shows one of the most dynamic and intricately detailed star-forming regions

in space, located 210,000 light-years away in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), a satellite galaxy of our Milky Way.

At the centre of the region is a brilliant star cluster called NGC 346. A dramatic structure of arched, ragged

filaments with a distinct ridge surrounds the cluster.

A torrent of radiation from the hot stars in the cluster NGC 346, at the centre of this Hubble image, eats into

denser areas around it, creating a fantasy sculpture of dust and gas. The dark, intricately beaded edge of

the ridge, seen in silhouette, is particularly dramatic. It contains several small dust globules that point back

towards the central cluster, like windsocks caught in a gale.

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smile023 M 77
تصویر

The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has captured this vivid image of spiral galaxy Messier 77 — a galaxy in

the constellation of Cetus, some 45 million light-years away from us. The streaks of red and blue in the image

highlight pockets of star formation along the pinwheeling arms, with dark dust lanes stretching across the galaxy’s

starry centre. The galaxy belongs to a class of galaxies known as Seyfert galaxies, which have highly ionised gas

surrounding an intensely active centre.

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New stars shed light on the past
تصویر

This image depicts bright blue newly formed stars that are blowing a cavity in the centre of a fascinating

star-forming region known as N90.

The high energy radiation blazing out from the hot young stars in N90 is eroding the outer portions of the

nebula from the inside, as the diffuse outer reaches of the nebula prevent the energetic outflows from streaming

away from the cluster directly. Because N90 is located far from the central body of the Small Magellanic Cloud,

numerous background galaxies in this picture can be seen, delivering a grand backdrop for the stellar newcomers.

The dust in the region gives these distant galaxies a reddish-brown tint.

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Flocculent spiral NGC 2841


تصویر

تصویر

Star formation is one of the most important processes in shaping the Universe; it plays a pivotal role in the

evolution of galaxies and it is also in the earliest stages of star formation that planetary systems first appear.

Yet there is still much that astronomers don’t understand, such as how do the properties of stellar nurseries vary

according to the composition and density of gas present, and what triggers star formation in the first place? The

driving force behind star formation is particularly unclear for a type of galaxy called a flocculent spiral, such as

NGC 2841 shown here, which features short spiral arms rather than prominent and well-defined galactic limbs

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