Universe

مدیران انجمن: parse, javad123javad

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Omega Centauri
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A new discovery has resolved some of the mystery surrounding Omega Centauri, the largest and brightest

globular cluster in the sky. Images obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys onboard the NASA/ESA

Hubble Space Telescope and data obtained by the GMOS spectrograph on the Gemini South telescope in Chile

show that Omega Centauri appears to harbour an elusive intermediate-mass black hole in its centre.

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A bizarre cosmic rarity
تصویر

This new Hubble image shows a peculiar galaxy known as NGC 660, located around 45 million light-years

away from us.

NGC 660 is classified as a "polar ring galaxy", meaning that it has a belt of gas and stars around its centre that

it ripped from a near neighbour during a clash about one billion years ago. The first polar ring galaxy was

observed in 1978 and only around a dozen more have been discovered since then, making them something

of a cosmic rarity.Unfortunately, NGC 660’s polar ring cannot be seen in this image, but has plenty of other

features that make it of interest to astronomers – its central bulge is strangely off-kilter and, perhaps more

intriguingly, it is thought to harbour exceptionally large amounts of dark matter. In addition, in late 2012

astronomers observed a massive outburst emanating from NGC 660 that was around ten times as bright as a

supernova explosion. This burst was thought to be caused by a massive jet shooting out of the supermassive

black hole at the centre of the galaxy.

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M74
تصویر

In the new Hubble image of the galaxy M74 we can also see a smattering of bright pink regions decorating

the spiral arms. These are huge, relatively short-lived, clouds of hydrogen gas which glow due to the strong

radiation from hot, young stars embedded within them; glowing pink regions of ionized hydrogen (hydrogen

that has lost its electrons). These regions of star formation show an excess of light at ultraviolet wavelengths

and astronomers call them HII regions

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cosmos
تصویر

An image of a galaxy cluster taken by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope gives a remarkable

cross-section of the Universe, showing objects at different distances and stages in cosmic history. They

range from cosmic near neighbours to objects seen in the early years of the Universe. The 14-hour

exposure shows objects around a billion times fainter than can be seen with the - eye.

Hubble’s images might look flat, but this one shows a remarkable depth of field that lets us see more than

halfway to the edge of the observable Universe. Most of the galaxies visible here are members of a huge

cluster called CLASS B1608+656, which lies about five billion light-years away. But the field also contains

other objects, both significantly closer and far more distant, including quasar QSO-160913+653228 which

is so distant its light has taken nine billion years to reach us, two thirds of the time that has elapsed

since the Big Bang.

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NGC 4522
تصویر

Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) allows astronomers to study an interesting and

important phenomenon called ram pressure stripping that is so powerful, it is capable of mangling

galaxies and even halting their star formation. NGC 4522 is a spectacular example of a spiral

galaxy that is currently being stripped of its gas content. The galaxy is part of the Virgo galaxy cluster

and its rapid motion within the cluster results in strong winds across the galaxy as the gas within

is left behind. Scientists estimate that the galaxy is moving at more than 10 million kilometres per

hour. A number of newly formed star clusters that developed in the stripped gas can be seen in the

Hubble image. The stripped spiral galaxy is located some 60 million light-years away from Earth.

Even though it is a still image, Hubble's view of NGC 4522 practically swirls off the page with apparent

movement. It highlights the dramatic state of the galaxy with an especially vivid view of the ghostly

gas being forced out of it. Bright blue pockets of new star formation can be seen to the right and

left of centre. smile001

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